Explain with sketch various zones of atmosphere? Explain why unprotected astronaut blood boil in mesosphere?

What is a carbon Footprint? Write emission factor (Conversion factor) for i) Annual Electricity consumption. ii) Annual Transportation use iii) Annual LPGgas consumption.

Define air quality index how it is calculated.

Explain the various Initiatives undertaken by Government for mitigation of Ambient air quality?

Explain the important provision made in the environmental protection act 1986.

Briefly elaborate the Bhopal Gas Tragedy 1984 considering following points i) Reason of accident ii) Effect on human being iii) Remedial measures taken

Explain the plume rise with sketch, and write 3 empirical formulae to estimate the plume rise

Determine the effective height of a stack, with the following given data: 1. Physical stack is 180 m tall with 0.95m inside diameter. 2. Wind velocity is 2.75m/s 3. Air temperature is 20°C 4. Barometric pressure is l000m bars 5. Stack gas velocity is 11.12m/s 6. Stack gas temperature is 160°C.

Explain the primary and secondary Meteorological parameters?

Explain the Types of Radiation with Sketch?

Explain Gaussian diffusion model for finding ground level concentration.

A thermal power plant daily burns 100 tonnes of coal with 5.5% Sulphur content. Calculate minimum stack height required. The particulate concentration in flue gases is 8000 mg/m3 and the gas flow rate is 20m3/sec.

What are the zones of atmosphere? Explain any one.

Write a short note on- i) Ozone Depletion ii) Acid Rain iii) Global Warming

Explain National Clean Air Program (NCAP)

State & Explain the scales of meteorology?

Explain the important provision made in central motor vehicle Act 1988.

Define air quality index (AQI) and explain the significance of it.

Write short note on: Wind rose diagram

A factory uses 2,00,000 litres of furnace oil (specific density 0.97) per month. If for one million litres of oil used per year, the particulate matter emitted is 3.0 tonnes per year, SO2 emitted is 59.7 tonnes per year, NOx emitted is 7.5 tonnes per year, hydrocarbons emitted are 0.37 tonnes per year, and carbon monoxide emitted is 0.52 tonnes per year, calculate the height of chimney required to be provided for the safe dispersion of the pollutants

Explain plume behavior with the help of neat sketches.

Explain how the concentration of pollutants is found out by Gaussian model. Explain each term of Gaussian formula.

List various equipment’s used and the unit of measurement for the meteorological parameters.

Explain the concept of plume rise. What are the factors considered in calculating plume rise? Write formulae for calculating plume rise?

What are zones of atmosphere and explain any 2 layers of atmosphere.

Explain Air Pollution accident on Bhopal Gas Tragedy 1984.

Define Air Pollutants and what are effects of air Pollutants on Human health.

If your car consumes 12.5 liters of diesel per day 120 km and the total distance covered by you is 280 km. how much CO2 is added to your personal carbon footprint.

Explain Air ACT 1981.

What do you understand from NCAP, Explain in brief.

What are the Scales of Meteorology? Explain.

Explain Plume Rise and how it is estimated?

Determine the effective stack height by using following data. Physical stack height = 136 m, diameter of stack = 2m, wind velocity 4m/s, Ambient temperature = 27°C, having Barometric pressure = 1300 millibar, stack gas velocity = 15 m/s, stack, gas temperature = 180° C.

What are different behavior types of Plume, state coning plume and looping plume.

What are the limitations of Gaussion Diffussion model?

Calculate for Thermal power plant burns 180 tonnes of coal with 6.9 % of Sulphur content. Find The minimum stack height required. The particulate concentration in fuel gases is 14 g/m3 and the gas flow rate is 21 m3/s.

Classify air pollutants based on sources and origin with examples.

Calculate carbon footprint for house in tons per year for the consumption of following resources. Resources Consumption per year CO2 emission factor Electricity 850 KWh 0.85kg/KWh Petrol 340 liters 2.296kg/l Diesel 220 liters 2.653 kg/l LPG 168kg 2.983 kg/l

Explain the important provisions made in Environment (Protection) Act 1986.

List the zones of atmosphere? Explain Troposphere.

Calculate the carbon footprint in tons per year for a vehicle that has travelled for 50 km per day. The vehicle requires 8.5 liter of petrol for 100 km. Assume the CO2 emission rate of 2.296 kg/L.

Define air quality index (AQI) and explain the significance of it.

Explain radiation and subsidence inversion.

An industry utilizes 0.3 ML (million liters) of oil fuel per month. It has also been estimated that for every 1 ML fuel oil burnt in the factory, per year, the quantities of various pollutants emitted are given as: PM = 2.9 t/yr, SO2 = 60 t/yr, NOx = 8 t/yr, HC = 0.4 t/yr, CO =0.5 t/yr. Calculate height of chimney required to be provided for safe dispersion of pollutants assuming 300 working days in a year.

Explain Coning plume behaviour with the help of neat sketch.

Write the Gaussian model equation and explain each term of it.

A stack in an urban area is emitting 80 g/s of NO. It has an effective stack height of 100 m. The wind speed at stack height is 5.65 m/s. It is a clear summer day with the sun nearly overhead (stability class B). σy = 290 m, σz = 220 m. Estimate the ground level concentration at: i) 2 km downwind on the centreline and ii) 2 km downwind, 0.1 km off the centreline

Define stability of the atmosphere. Explain various stability conditions.

Describe the process of conducting an air pollution survey and outline the key factors, both basic and statistical, to consider when choosing sampling locations?

Enlist and explain the techniques and equipment employed in the sampling particulate matter.

Explain isokinetic sampling?

Derive stack emission monitoring for particulate and gaseous matter?

What does ambient air quality monitoring entail according to the CPCB, and what are the National Ambient Air Quality Standards?

Convert the 50 g/m3 of So2 concentration in ppm. Assume temperature 25 and pressure at 103.193 KPa.

Define emission inventory and elucidate its role in air quality management?

Clarify the concepts of the bottom-up and top-down approaches to developing emission inventories.

Enumerate the various classifications of air quality modelling?

Describe the emission inventory framework established by the CPCB?

What are the categorizations of air quality models based on their characteristics, which include physical, statistical, and deterministic types?

Explain assumptions, strengths, and limitations of AMREOD model USEPA?

Explain working principle of a gravity settling chamber with neat sketch. Also, state advantages and disadvantages?

With a neat sketch explain the principles, construction, and working of the cyclone? Also, state advantages and disadvantages?

Explain in detail working of Electrostatic Precipitator. State its advantages and disadvantages?

Outline the criteria used to select control equipment and elaborate on their associated objectives?

Define indoor air pollution with Sources and causes of indoor air pollution?

Define sick building syndrome and elaborate on the recommended remedial measures to address it?

Describe the process of measuring odours, Determination of type and intensity of odour?

Elaborate on the concept of odour pollution, covering its sources, methods of measurement, and techniques for control?

Describe the strategies for managing indoor air pollution and provide an explanation of air cleaning systems?

Explain in detail the techniques for managing indoor air pollution and list the plant species employed for this purpose?

Discuss basis and statistical considerations of sampling sites.

Explain the purpose of ambient air and stack gas sampling.

Compare national ambient air quality standards, 2009 and WHO air quality guidelines 2021.

State the objectives of ambient air monitoring.

Explain with a neat sketch location of sampling ports and traverse points in case stack sampling.

Discuss the components of air quality standards.

Define emission factor and relate its significance in preparation of emission inventory.

Classify air quality models based on time period, pollutant type and level of sophistication.

Compare the physical, statistical and deterministic air quality models.

Explain the role of emission inventory in air quality management.

Enumerate and discuss the basic components and importance of air quality modelling.

State the basic equation of emission estimation and describe its terminologies.

Discuss the measures taken to control the emissions from vehicles.

State and explain the carbon sequestration.

State the principle mechanism, advantages and applications of cyclone as a particulate control equipment.

Explain the measures to be taken to control gaseous air pollutants.

Describe the factors responsible for selection of particulate control equipment.

Describe the control of air pollution at source by process modification, change of raw material and equipment modification.

Explain the sources and remedial measures to control odour.

Explain sick building syndrome and its solution.

Relate improved ventilation to indoor air quality.

Explain the radon removal technique.

Discuss the causes and mitigation technologies for indoor air pollution.

List and explain the sources of contaminants in indoor air pollution.

Enlist various methods of sampling particulate matter and explain any one in detail.

Explain the purpose of ambient air sampling.

Write a short note on High volume sampler with sketch.

Write in a tabular form National ambient air quality standard (NAAQS)specified by central pollution control board (CPCB).

Explain Stack monitoring in details with a neat sketch.

Convert 80 g/m3 of SO2 in ppm. Assume temperature 25°C and pressure at 103.193 kPa.

State the Basic equation of Emission estimation.

Explain types of air quality models.

Deliberate the strengths and limitations of AERMOD model USEPA.

Write a short note on air quality modelling.

Explain Emission inventory framework developed by CPCB.

Compare the physical, statistical and deterministic air quality models.

Calculate the minimum size of the particle that will be removed with100% efficiency from a settling chamber for the following data: i) Horizontal velocity – 0.25 m/s ii) Particle Density - 2500 kg/m3 iii) Chamber: Length -7.5 m, height -1.5 m iv) Viscosity of air -1.9 ×10–5 kg/m s. (v) Gas Density –1.0888 kg/m3 The settling chamber will be operated under quiescent conditions.

Write a note on electrostatic precipitator on mechanism, working principle & applications.

Explain the measures for controlling the emission from mobile sources.

State the working principle, advantages and disadvantages of fabric filter as a particulate control equipment.

Describe the factors responsible for selection of particulate control equipment.

What is carbon sequestration? Enlist the types, explain any one.

Enlist methods for odour pollution control. Explain any one in detail.

Explain sick building syndrome with causes and its preventive measures.

What is active and passive sampler? Explain with advantages and disadvantages.

What are the causes and effects of indoor air pollution?

Explain use of plants for indoor air quality improvement.

Enumerate the odorous materials with respect to following industries i) Fertilizer ii) Petroleum iii) Chemical

Explain the purpose of ambient air and stack gas sampling.

Convert 100 μg/m3 of SO2 in ppm. Assume temperature 25°C and pressure at 103.193 kPa.

List the devices and methods used for air pollutant sampling.

Explain with a neat sketch location of sampling ports and traverse points in case of stack sampling.

Convert 140 μg/m3 of SO2 in ppm. Assume temperature 25°C and pressure at 103.193 kPa.

Explain with a neat sketch working of high volume sampler.

Define emission factor and relate its significance in preparation of emission inventory.

Describe the steps involved in preparation of gridded emission inventory.

Compare the physical, statistical and deterministic air quality models.

Enumerate and discuss the basic components and importance of air quality modelling.

State the basic equation of emission estimation and describe its terminologies.

Explain activity data in emission estimation with examples.

Describe the control of air pollution at source by process modification, change of raw material and equipment modification.

Determine the migration velocity for an existing ESP having collection plate area of 110 m2, gas flow rate 2.5 m3/s and collection efficiency 99.5%.

Explain the measures to be taken to control gaseous air pollutants.

State and explain the carbon sequestration.

Find the collecting plate area and number of plates to be used in a horizontal flow single stage Electrostatic precipitator handling an average gas flow of 2.5 m3/s from a pulverized coal fired boiler. Consider the plate of 4 m wide and 5.2 m high. The required collection efficiency of ESP is 98%. Take the drift velocity as 12 cm/s.

Describe the factors responsible for selection of particulate control equipment.

Relate improved ventilation to indoor air quality.

Describe the use of plants for control of indoor air pollution.

Discuss the causes and mitigation technologies for indoor air pollution.

Explain sick building syndrome and its solution.

Explain the radon removal technique.

Enumerate the odorous materials with respect to following industries. i) Petroleum ii) Pharmaceutical iii) Paper and Pulp

Enlist various methods of sampling particulate matter and explain any one in detail.

Explain Stack monitoring in details with a neat sketch.

Convert 80 g/m3 of SO2 in ppm. Assume temperature 25°C and pressure at 103.193 kPa.

Write in a tabular form National ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) specified by central pollution control board (CPCB) for PM10 and PM2.5 (Annual and 24 hours for industrial, Residential, Rural and other area).

Explain the purpose of ambient air sampling.

Write a short note on High volume sampler with sketch.

State the Basic equation of Emission estimation.

Explain types of air quality models.

Define emission inventory and enlist the types.

Write a short note on air quality modelling.

Explain Emission inventory framework developed by CPCB.

Deliberate the strengths and limitations of AERMOD model USEPA.p

Calculate the minimum size of the particle that will be removed with 100% efficiency from a settling chamber for the following data : i) Horizontal velocity - 0.25 m/s ii) Particle Density - 2500 kg/m3 iii) Chamber : Length - 7.5 m, height - 1.5 m iv) Viscosity of air -1.9 × 10–5 kg/ms. v) Gas Density - 1.0888 kg/m3 The settling chamber will be operated under quiescent conditions.

Write a note on electrostatic precipitator on Mechanism, working principle & applications.

Explain the measures for controlling the emission from mobile sources.

State the working principle, advantages and disadvantages of fabric filter as a particulate control equipment.

Design a parallel type ESP with 10 channels to handle 12000 m3/hour of gas for efficiency of 95%. Assume : i) Velocity of particle = 0.1 m/s ii) Height of plate = 2.0 m iii) Spacing between plate = 0.15 m

What is carbon sequestration? Enlist the types, explain any one.

Enlist methods for odour pollution control. Explain any one in detail.

Explain sick building syndrome with causes and its preventive measures.

What is active and passive sampler? Explain with advantages and disadvantages.

What are the causes and effects of indoor air pollution?

What are the sources of air pollutants?

Explain use of plants for indoor air quality improvement.

State the objectives of ambient air monitoring.

Convert 80 μg/m3 of SO2 in ppm. Assume temperature 25°C and pressure at 103.193 kPa.

Discuss the components of air quality standards.

Discuss basis and statistical considerations of sampling sites.

Convert 120 μg/m3 of SO2 in ppm. Assume temperature 25°C and pressure at 103.193 kPa.

Compare national ambient air quality standards, 2009 and WHO air quality guidelines 2021.

Explain the role of emission inventory in air quality management.

Classify air quality models based on time period, pollutant type and level of sophistication.

State the basic equation of emission estimation and describe its terminologies.

Discuss the utilization of emission inventory.

Deliberate the strengths and limitations of AERMOD model USEPA.

Explain activity data in emission estimation with examples.

Explain the natural self-cleansing properties of environment in respect of air pollution control.

Calculate the minimum size of the particle that will be removed with 100 percent efficiency from gravitational settling chamber under the following conditions. (i) Air: Horizontal velocity - 1.2 m/s, temperature — 75ºC (ii) Particle: SP. Gr. — 1.5 (iii) Chamber: Length — 10 m, height — 1.5 m (iv) At 75°C, viscosity of air —2.1×10–5 kg/ms.

Describe the factors responsible for selection of particulate control equipment.

State the principle mechanism, advantages and applications of cyclone as a particulate control equipment.

Find the collection efficiency of a horizontal flow, single stage electrostatic precipitator consisting of two sections formed by plates 4 m wide and 6 m high on 25 cm centers, handling a gas flow of 2.5 m3/s. Assume that a migration velocity is 12 cm/s.

Discuss the measures taken to control the emissions from vehicles.

List and explain the sources of contaminants in indoor air pollution.

Explain sick building syndrome and its solution.

Discuss the causes and mitigation technologies for indoor air pollution.

List and explain the factors affecting indoor air quality.

Discuss the practical considerations using portable and in-duct air cleaners.

Explain the sources and remedial measures to control odour.